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Climate change and water scarcity: strategies for sustainable agricultural water use in the Arab Region

Kamel Mustafa Amer

Water Resources Advisor, Arab Organization for Agricultural Development (AOAD), 11 Al Islah Al Zeraie St.,
Co-Operative of Agricultural Reform Building, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
email: kamel.mostafa.elsayed@gmail.com

(2025) 222–224
https://doi.org/10.5004.dsal.2025.700107

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Abstract

Climate change represents a profound and ubiquitous challenge with particularly acute consequences in the Arab region. In this area, inhabitants confront escalating temperatures, shifting rainfall patterns, and increasingly frequent and intense meteorological phenomena. These alterations exacerbate the pre-existing critical issue of water scarcity. The arid climate, burgeoning populations, and brisk economic development intensify the pressure on water resources. The region’s susceptibility to climatic shifts presents substantial hazards to the vital water supplies necessary for agriculture, potable use, and hygiene purposes. Studies indicate that the Arab region is warming at a rate surpassing the global average, jeopardizing the water security of over 360 million individuals. This predicament necessitates prompt action to alleviate the impacts and preserve water resources for future generations.

Keywords: Water scarcity; Climate change; Arab region; Agricultural water use; Sustainability; Innovative water management; Policy framework

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Multi-objective optimization of innovative renewable energy-powered desalination and cooling system: a cutting-edge approach

Hassan Abdulrahim*, Mansour Ahmed, Yousef Al-Wazzan, Salah Al-Jazzaf

Water Research Center (WRC), Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research (KISR), P.O. Box 24885, 13109 Safat, Kuwait,
*email: habdulrahim@kisr.edu.kw (corresponding author)

(2025) 69–76
https://doi.org/10.5004.dsal.2025.700069

References [1] Ben Hassen, T., El Bilali, H., 2022, Water management in the Gulf Cooperation Council: challenges and prospects, in Current Directions in Water Scarcity Research: Water Scarcity, Contamination, and Management, A.K. Tiwari et al., Eds. Elsevier, vol. 5, pp. 525–540. [2] World Future Energy Summit - WFES, 2023, Tapped out – The new normal of...
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Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles for wastewater treatment

Amal S. Al Rahbi*, Sharifa Al Awaid, Huda Al Amri, Rehab Al Syiabi, Hafsa Al Dowiki

Department of Applied Sciences, College of Applied Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Muscat, Oman
*amal.alrahbi@utas.edu.om (corresponding author)

(2025) 324–331
https://doi.org/10.5004.dsal.2025.700023

References Belay, K., Hayelom, A. (2014) Removal of Methyl Orange from aqueous solutions using thermally treated egg shell (locally available and low cost biosorbent). Chem. Mater. Res., 6(7): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.2403.1449 Divya, M. J., Sowmia, C., Joona, K., Dhanya, K.P. (2013) Synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticle from hibiscus...
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Comparative wastewater quality indicators and multivariate analysis of Riyadh sewage treatment plants and its impact on irrigation of Riyadh District

Ahmed M. Elfeky1*, Ahmed A. El-Shafei1,2, Faisal M. Alfaisal3

1Agricultural Engineering Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia, *email: aelfeky@ksu.edu.sa (corresponding author)
2Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, Egypt
3Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia

(2025) 315–323
https://doi.org/10.5004.dsal.2025.700068

References Al-A’ama, M.S., Nakhla, G.F., 1995, Wastewater reuse in Jubail, Saudi Arabia. Water Res., 29, 1579–1584. https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(94)00148-Z Aleisa, E., Al-Zubari, W., 2017, Wastewater reuse in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC): the lost opportunity. Environ. Monit. Assess., 189, 553....
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Evaluating the hydraulic feasibility of brackish groundwater supply for small-scale reverse osmosis plants in community centers in Kuwait

Amjad Aliewi*, Harish Bhandary

Water Resources Development and Management Program, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Water Research
Center, P.O. Box 24885, Safat 13109, Kuwait
*email: aaliewi@kisr.edu.kw (corresponding author)

(2025) 153–162
https://doi.org/10.5004.dsal.2025.700033

References Al Rashed, M., Safelnasr, A., Sherif, M., Murad, A., Alshamsi, D., Aliewi, A., Ebraheem, A. (2023). Novel concept for water security quantification considering nonconventional and virtual water resources in arid countries: application in Gulf Cooperation Council Countries. Sci. Total Environ. 163473....
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Developing a sensor-based agricultural water management system for irrigation scheduling, automation, and optimization

Farhat Abbas1*, Salem Al-Naemi1, Aitazaz A. Farooque2,3, Rachid Benlamri1, Hassan Ali1, Jose Emmanuel L. Ventura1

1University of Doha for Science & Technology, P.O. Box 24449, Doha, Qatar, *email: farhat.abbas@udst.edu.qa (corresponding author)
2Canadian Centre for Climate Change and Adaptation, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, C1A 4P3, PE, Canada
3Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, C1A 4P3, PE, Canada

(2025) 229–238
https://doi.org/10.5004.dsal.2025.700088

References Abbas, F., Al-Naemi, S., Farooque, A.A., Phillips, M., 2023a, A review on the water dimensions, security, and governance for two distinct regions. Water, 15(1): 208. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15010208 Abbas, F., Al-Naemi, S., Farooque, A.A., Phillips, M., Rose, D.A., 2023b, Understanding the phenomenon of saltwater intrusion sourced from...
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De-carbonization pathways in the water sector in the GCC countries

Hind Al-Ali±*, Mousa AlHajrib, Mohammed AlAalic
Secretariat General of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC-SG) and WSTA
aMinistry of Energy and Infrastructure, UAE, email: Hind.Alali@moenr.gov.ae (corresponding author)
bSaline Water Conversion Cooperation (SWCC), Saudi Arabia
cElectricity and Water Authority, Bahrain

(2025) 17
https://doi.org/10.5004.dsal.2025.700101

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Ecofriendly and low-cost adsorbent for efficient removal of lead and nickel from aqueous solution

Amal S. Al Rahbi*, Nalini Uthman, Wafa A. Al Rawahi, Amani Al Nabhani, Khulod Al Maqbali, Maryam Al Hattali, Zahra Al Zuhimi

Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Muscat, Oman
* amal.alrahbi@utas.edu.om (corresponding author)

(2025) 308–314
https://doi.org/10.5004.dsal.2025.700024

References Asriza, R., Fabiani, V., Julianti, E. (2022). Adsorption efficiency of heavy metals (Fe and Zn) in open pit water using Fe3O4/SiO2 nanocomposite from kaolin bangka. IOP Conf. Ser. Earth and Environmental Science, 1108(1), 012064. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1108/1/012064 Chen, C., Cheng, T., Zhang, M., Zhou, M. (2017). Competitive...
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Development of flood risk mapping and mitigation strategies for Al-Qassim region

Atef Q. Kawara, Ibrahim H. Elsebaie

Civil Engineering Department, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia,
email: 439106883@student.ksu.edu.sa (A.Q. Kawara), elsebaie@ksu.edu.sa (I.H. Elsebaie)

(2025) 133–140
https://doi.org/10.5004.dsal.2025.700050

References Abubakar, I.R., Dano, U.L., 2020, Sustainable urban planning strategies for mitigating climate change in Saudi Arabia. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 22(6): 5129–5152. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-019-00417-1 Alarifi, S.S., Abdelkareem, M., Abdalla, F., Alotaibi, M., 2022, Flash flood hazard mapping using remote sensing and GIS...
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Treated wastewater application in urban agriculture

Ahmed Al-Busaidi1*, Mushtaque Ahmed1, Wenresti Gallardo2, Waad Al-Aghbari1

1Department of Soils, Water and Agricultural Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University
2Department of Marine Science and Fisheries, College of Agricultural & Marine Sciences, P.O. Box 34, Al-Khoud 123, Muscat, Oman
*email: ahmed99@squ.edu.om (corresponding author)

(2025) 251–262
https://doi.org/10.5004.dsal.2025.700007

References Abd-Elfattah, A., Shehata, S.M., Talab, A.S., 2002, Evaluation of irrigation with either raw municipal Treated Waste or river water on elements up take and yield of lettuce and potato plants. Egypt. J. Soil Sci., 42 (4): 705–714. Abdelrahman, H. A., Alkhamisi, S.A., Ahmed, M, Ali, H., 2011, Effects of Treated Wastewater Irrigation on Element...
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